Titanium tungsten sputtering targets are a versatile material employed in numerous industrial processes. Their exceptional properties, comprising high hardness, wear resistance, and low coefficient of friction, make them ideal for applications requiring durable and robust coatings. These targets seamlessly deposit thin films through physical vapor

Quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles with unique optical and electronic properties that make them highly desirable for a variety of applications. However, their full potential can be further leveraged by modifying their surfaces to achieve specific functionalities. Surface modification allows for the binding of functional groups or ligands that can